Nokia was founded by Fredrik Idestam in 1871 but not until 1967 the Nokia Group (Nokia Corporation) has been born after the merger of three...
Nokia was founded by Fredrik Idestam in 1871 but not until 1967 the Nokia Group (Nokia Corporation) has been born after the merger of three subsidiaries: Nokia Company (Nokia Aktiebolag), Finnish Rubber Works Ltd (Suomen Gummitehdas Oy) and Finnish Cable Works Ltd (Suomen Kaapelitehdas Oy) (Gordon 2013). 20 years later, Nokia first launched a mobile phone called Mobira Cityman 900 (Goodwin 2015). Nokia is also a key member in the development of GSM technology - technology that so far it is still popular worldwide. But perhaps, the product that made Nokia to become the "king" is the development of Symbian OS. And from this group have dominated Finnish phone market in the world for several years after the defeat of the Microsoft Windows Mobile. It is no coincidence that of the 20 best-selling phone in history, Nokia has completely dominated, not only monopolize the top, but also accounted for more than half of them. Nokia gained popularity worldwide in many countries to a level that one cannot speak about phones without mention Nokia. 2007 might be the milestone for Nokia when Apple unexpectedly launched the first iPhone, which has redefined the mobile phone as a device that close to a personal computer with touch screen applications and batch of extremely attractive applications. From here, the world's largest market capitalization has been reduced to 75% while Apple's value has skyrocketed. Not only does the smartphone market that caused pain to Nokia but even low - end phone market has also 24 increasingly been constrained by the pressure of Android smartphones. QI / 2012, Nokia officially to abdicate the market leader mobile phone to Samsung, ending 14 consecutive years in this unique position. At this time it was said that Stephen Elop chose the wrong strategy for Nokia when he decided to use Windows Phone OS
. On May 1/2013, Nokia officially announce the death of Symbian operating system when it has no value to investors, customers, partners and on 2/9/2014, Nokia announced it had sold the array device and its services along with a number of patents to Microsoft for $ 7.2 billion (Warren 2015). This acquisition was completed in the first quarter / 2014. This has put an end to Nokia. Because after this deal, Nokia will not produce any mobile devices and the company will only focus on technology and patent rights. 4.2.3 Blackberry Blackberry Limited or Research in Motion Limited (RIM) s a Canadian telecommunications companies and wireless devices. It is popular for brand of smartphones and tablets, but also well known worldwide as a provider of security software and high reliability for industrial applications and mobile device management. Blackberry used to be a dominant company in the smartphone market with 43% US market share in 2010 but for the past few years, the company has been experiencing a sharp decline in profit. There are several reasons for the failure of Blackberry. Blackberry internal disagreements arising from the early days of the iPhone appeared on the market. Half of the leaders wanted to develop touch phone to catch up with new consumer trends while the other half wanted BlackBerry to retain its identity with the handset using the physical keyboard. The disagreement lasted until the end of 2010, when Thorsten Heins –
CEO of Blackberry wanted to launch Z10 – a touchscreen smartphone. However, co-founder Michael Lazaridis has opposed the plan, saying it is a wrong decision. Heins did not listen and the result is terrible. Blackberry has reported losses of $ 965 million, most of this loss is due to expenses incurred due to increase in unsold Z10 in the market (Ranger 2013). 25 Blackberry OS was developed based on an old platform, it was less attractive than IOS and Android. In addition, RIM also made too many regulations before allowing applications to run on BlackBerry and this makes the creation of the developers stunted. "Developers want to be welcomed, not to be controlled". That was the reason that applications like Instagram or Tumblr have said no to BlackBerry. Failure in America (impossible to co-operate with Verizon to defeat the duo of iPhone and AT & T), along with the inability to penetrate the Chinese market, the BlackBerry seems to have lost two big markets. The company now only has few remaining loyal users in North America, several European countries and Southeast Asia.
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