Crime Frequency and Police Priority by Group and Jurisdiction The rankings for crime frequency were answered by 148 Public Law 280 reserva...
Crime Frequency and Police Priority by Group and Jurisdiction The rankings for crime frequency were answered by 148 Public Law 280 reservation residents, except for child abuse (N=113) and drug abuse (N=132), while 59 non-Public Law 280 reservation residents provided rankings for all crimes. A comparison of crime rankings for Public Law 280 and non-Public Law 280 reservation residents is given in Figure 10.3. Except for the frequency of drug offenses and arson, reservation residents in Public Law 280 and nonPublic Law 280 reservations agree on the frequency of crimes on their reservations. For both Figure 10.3 284 This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Public Law 280 and non-Public Law 280 jurisdictions, reservation residents rank the crime frequency similarly. Reservation residents in Public Law 280 jurisdictions rank the occurrence of arson (Wilcoxon W =4992.5, p<.001)
and auto theft (Wilcoxon W = 5336.0, p = .037) significantly higher than reservation residents in non-Public Law 280 jurisdictions. Reservation residents say arson and auto thefts occur more frequently on Public Law 280 reservations than on non-Public Law 280 reservations, while all other crimes are ranked about the same in both jurisdictions. Police crime priorities were ranked by 140 Public Law 280 reservation residents, except for drug offenses (N=123) and child abuse (N=123), while 57 non-Public Law 280 reservation residents ranked all 12 police crime priorities. The comparison of police crime priorities yields four significant differences. As presented on Figure 10.4, our sample of non-Public Law Figure 10.4 280 reservation residents rank police priorities attending to child abuse significantly higher (Wilcoxon W = 7944.0, p<.03) than Public Law 280 reservation residents. Police give significantly more attention to child abuse in non-Public Law 280 jurisdictions than police provide in Public Law 280 jurisdictions. Police in Public Law 280 jurisdictions provide significantly greater priority for automobile theft (Wilcoxon W = 4597.0, p<.003), arson (Wilcoxon W = 4756.5 p<.007), and homicide (Wilcoxon W = 4893.0, p<.013) than police provide in non-Public Law 280 jurisdictions. While Public Law 280 police gave more attention Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Under PL280 – Quantitative Analysis 8/4/06 page 8 Ranking by Reservation Residents of Law Enforcement Priority: PL280 v. Non-PL-280 2.5 5.3 4.1 3.4 1.6 2.9 2.3 6.2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 domestic violence dui drug offenses aggravated assault larceny, theft CHILD ABUSE burglary AUTO THEFT robbery rape ARSON HOMICIDE R a n ks PL-280 (n = 140) non-PL-280 (n = 57) ranks differ significantly (p < .05) Area: Bars: 285 This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. to automobile theft, arson, and homicide, the latter crimes are among the less frequently occurring crimes. Public Law 280 police provide more attention to less frequent crimes than non-Public Law 280 police, according to reservation residents. Non-Public Law 280 police provide significantly more attention to child-abuse cases than Public Law 280 police
(Wilcoxon W = 7994.0, p = .03). Law enforcement personnel in both Public Law 280 and non-Public Law 280 jurisdictions provided rankings for crime frequencies in Figure 10.5. In Public Law 280 jurisdictions, 29 law enforcement personnel ranked 10 crimes, while 24 ranked drug offenses, and 22 ranked child-abuse crimes. Seventeen non-Public Law 280 law enforcement personnel ranked all 12 crimes. Law enforcement officers in Public Law 280 and non-Public Law 280 jurisdictions agree on the ranking and order of 10 crimes, and disagree about larceny/theft, (Wilcoxon W = 249.5, p = .001) and burglary (Wilcoxon W = 286.0, p = .009). Public Law 280 law enforcement suggest that larceny-theft and burglary are committed more frequently on Public Law 280 reservations than non-Public Law 280 law enforcement personnel say about non-Public Law 280 reservations. Public Law 280 law enforcement personnel say that property crimes, larceny, theft, and burglary should be ranked among the highest cluster of crimes, along with drug offenses, domestic violence, and driving under influence of alcohol (DUIs). Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Under PL280 –
Quantitative Analysis 8/4/06 page 10 Ranking by Law Enforcement of Crime Frequency: PL280 v. Non-PL-280 6.1 7.1 4.2 4.9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 domestic violence DUI DRUG OFFENSES aggravated assault larceny, theft child abuse burglary auto theft robbery rape ARSON homicide R a n ks PL-280 (n = 29) non-PL-280 (n = 17) ranks differ significantly (p < .05) Area: Bars: Figure 10.5 According to Public Law 280 law enforcement, property crimes maybe associated with a cluster of crimes where alcohol use and drug offenses are committed together with domestic violence,
286 This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. larceny, theft, and burglary. Public Law 280 reservations, according to Public Law 280 law enforcement personnel, may have a clearer set of relationships from a cluster of high-frequency crimes. The cluster of high-frequency crimes suggested by Public Law 280 law enforcement differs from non-Public Law 280 law enforcement rankings and also from reservation-resident rankings in both Public Law 280 and non-Public Law 280 jurisdictions. Reservation residents and non-Public Law 280 law enforcement personnel say burglary, larceny and theft occur less frequently than reported by Public Law 280 law enforcement personnel. As represented in Figure 10.5,
Public Law 280 and non-Public Law 280 law enforcement personnel self-report police crime priorities. Twenty-seven Public Law 280 law enforcement personnel ranked 10 crimes, while 23 ranked drug offenses and 21 ranked child abuse. Fifteen non-Public Law 280 personnel ranked all 12 police crime priorities. None of the comparisons between Public Law 280 and non-Public Law 280 law enforcement rankings of police crime priorities are statistically significant. Public Law 280 law enforcement and non-Public Law 280 law enforcement personnel agree on the rank and patterns of police crime priorities. While law enforcement personnel agree about police priorities in both jurisdictions, both agree about high police crime priority rankings for child abuse. Law enforcement personnel in Public Law 280 jurisdictions rank police priority for child abuse at 6.62, and non-Public Law 280 law enforcement rank police priority for child abuse at 7.47. Law enforcement personnel self report strong concern about child-abuse crimes, and rank them among the highest cluster of police crime priorities, including domestic violence, DUIs, drug offenses, and aggravated assault. Criminal justice personnel ranked frequency of crimes for both Public Law 280 and nonPublic Law 280 jurisdictions. Forty-four Public Law 280 criminal justice personnel ranked 10 crimes while 40 ranked drug offenses and 34 ranked child-abuse crimes. Twenty-one non-Public Law 280 criminal justice personnel ranked all 12 crimes. Except for auto theft (Wilcoxon W = 486.0, p<.003) and larceny-theft (Wilcoxon W = 550.5, p = .043),
criminal justice personnel in Public Law 280 and non-Public Law 280 jurisdictions agree on ranking of crime frequencies. Public Law 280 criminal justice personnel say that auto theft and larceny theft occur significantly more often than non-Public Law 280 criminal justice personnel. Except for occurrences of auto theft and larceny theft, criminal justice personnel see crime frequency patterns similarly in Public Law 280 and non-Public Law 280 jurisdictions. Figure 10.6 shows criminal justice rankings of police crime priorities, 38 Public Law 280 criminal justice personnel ranked 10 crimes, 34 ranked drug offenses, and 28 ranked child-abuse crimes. Twenty-one non-Public Law 280 criminal justice personnel ranked all 12 police crime priorities. Among the 12 police crime priorities, criminal justice personnel say that police priorities are significantly different for four crimes. Public Law 280 criminal justice personnel rank Public Law 280 police crime priorities significantly lower than non-Public Law 280 criminal justice rankings for non-Public Law 280 police crime priorities for domestic violence (Wilcoxon W = 980.0, p<.011).
Public Law 280 criminal justice workers suggest Public Law 280 police give too little attention to domestic violence when compared to non-Public Law 280 criminal justice rankings of police crime priorities. Public Law 280 criminal justice personnel 287 This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. rank Public Law 280 police crime priorities significantly higher than non-Public Law 280 criminal justice personnel rank non-Public Law 280 police crime priorities for robbery (Wilcoxon W = 505.5, p<.046), rape (Wilcoxon W = 483.5, p<.019), and homicide Figure 10.6 (Wilcoxon W = 4778.5, p<.008). According to Public Law 280 criminal justice personnel, Public Law 280 police priorities are too high for low-frequency crimes such as robbery, rape, and homicide when compared to non-Public Law 280 criminal justice rankings of non-Public Law 280 police crime priorities. Criminal justice personnel believe that Public Law 280 police tend to underemphasize the more frequent crime of domestic violence, while at the same time overemphasize attention to violent, but relatively infrequent crimes, such as robbery, rape, and homicide. Reservation residents, analyzed above,
make similar observations that Public Law 280 police tend to give more attention to less frequent crimes, while underemphasizing the crimes that tribal community members believe are more frequently occurring in their reservation communities. In sum, l
No comments